Track Categories

The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.

Track 1 : Nephrology

Nephrology is a primary area of study is kidneys and kidney-related conditions. Nephrology is a branch of research that focuses on kidney physiology, kidney-related issues, therapies for kidney issues such dialysis and kidney transplants, as well as renal replacement therapy. Nephrologists are medical professionals that specialize in treating kidney-related conditions. They are aware that Renal disease might have an impact on several bodily components. Both systemic conditions that impact the kidneys directly, including immune system infections and diabetes, as well as systemic conditions that develop as a result of kidney failure, like renal hypertension and osteodystrophy, are the focus of nephrology.

Track 2 : Clinical Nephrology

The study of Clinical nephrology investigates proper diagnosis and advances kidney disease treatment. It looks at the kidney's capacity to safely filter out hazardous substances from the blood. An electrolyte imbalance disorder, such as an imbalance of sodium, potassium, or calcium in the body, is examined by a nephrologist.

Clinical nephrology employs contemporary medical technology in the lab to treat and identify kidney disease. It covers the analysis and management of a wide range of human issues as well as the study of the kidney, its disorders, and functions. Adult and geriatric nephrological issues are the main focus of clinical nephrology. To remove an aberrant bladder or cyst, a kidney cystectomy is performed. A relatively new advancement in clinical nephrology is known as warfarin-related nephropathy, which combines the use of Warfarin in the management of kidney disease.

Track 3 : Pediatric Nephrology

A Pediatric nephrologist concentrates on the medical requirements of newborns, young children, and kids with kidney infections and diseases. Kidney issues in children, like Renal failure and kidney stones, are recognized and treated by pediatric nephrologists. They support the management of conditions including diabetes and high blood pressure that are linked to renal disorders.

Pediatric nephrologists diagnose, treat, and manage disorders such as kidney failure, hypertension, hereditary renal diseases, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and abnormalities in the urine such as blood and protein. They also understand how to recognize and handle growth and development problems brought on by chronic renal illness.      

Track 4 : Lupus Nephritis

The kidney is inflamed in lupus nephritis, which is brought on by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE, sometimes known as lupus, is an autoimmune condition. The immune system of the body attacks its own bodily tissues in lupus. When lupus affects the kidneys, lupus nephritis develops. Lupus nephritis can occur in as many as 60% of lupus patients. The kidneys cannot operate correctly and may leak protein when they are inflamed. Lupus nephritis can cause Renal failure if it is not treated.

Lupus nephritis causes inflammation and irregular kidney function because your body attacks your kidney. Permanent kidney damage and scarring are the results of chronic inflammation.

Track 5 : Nephrotic Syndrome

A kidney condition known as Nephrotic syndrome makes your body excrete an excessive amount of protein in urine. Nephrotic syndrome is typically brought on by harm to the collections of tiny blood capillaries in your kidneys that remove waste and extra water from your blood.

Nephrotic syndrome is not a disease. It is a collection of signs and symptoms that may manifest if your kidneys aren't functioning properly. Your kidney’s small blood veins serve as a filter, removing surplus water and waste from your blood. Your bladder is the final destination for the waste and water before they leave your body as pee.

The Glomeruli or filtering portion of your kidney, includes these veins. Too much protein leaks through the filters into your urine when they are broken. Nephrotic syndrome is the final outcome. Both adults and children are susceptible to nephrotic syndrome. Treatment is an option.

Track 6 : Diabetic Nephrology

Diabetes patients may develop diabetic nephropathy, a chronic kidney condition. It happens when a person's kidneys suffer damage from excessive blood glucose levels. Diabetes affects the body's small veins. Your kidneys cannot adequately cleanse your blood if the veins in the kidneys are damaged. Your body will retain more salt and water than it ought to, which will lead to weight gain and ankle swelling, protein concentration in urine. Furthermore, waste products will build up in blood.

Moreover, diabetes harms the body's nerves. This may make it difficult for the bladder to empty. The weight that accumulates due to a full bladder might harm the kidneys. Also, if it stays in the bladder for a long time, the rapid proliferation of microscopic organisms in high-sugar urine might result in the development of a disease.

Track 7 : kidney diseases

Having healthy kidneys is essential for having a balanced body. In essence, they clean the blood by removing waste materials, extra water, and other contaminants. Kidney illness can lead to other health problems like weak bones, neurological damage, and starvation. If the problem develops over time, your kidneys could stop working entirely. The majority of kidney illnesses target Nephrons.

Kidney disease develops when your kidneys are harmed and unable to carry out their duties. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and other lingering conditions can all affect the kidneys.

A single diagnosis cannot effectively treat the majority of renal problems. The best method for preserving kidney health is to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Kidney diseases might deteriorate over time. There could even be kidney failure. Some kidney disease risk factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, and family history, cannot be changed. You can, however, take precautions to help stave off kidney illness.

Track 8 : Bladder Cancer

Kidney disease develops when your kidneys are harmed and unable to carry out their duties. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and other lingering conditions can all affect the kidneys.

A single diagnosis cannot effectively treat the majority of Renal problems. The best method for preserving kidney health is to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Kidney diseases might deteriorate over time. There could even be kidney failure. Some kidney disease risk factors, such as age, gender, ethnicity, and family history, cannot be changed. You can, however, take precautions to help stave off kidney illness.

Track 9 : Urology

Genitourinary surgery, sometimes known as urology, is a specialty of medicine that treats illnesses of the reproductive organs and urinary tract in both males and females.

Urologists can treat problems with the kidneys, adrenal glands, bladder, urethra, and ureter. A urologist can handle problems involving the testicles, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis in males. In urology, treatments for urinary tract infections, prostate enlargement, stress incontinence, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and kidney stones can be given medically or surgically.

Surgically inoperable disorders like benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary tract infections are included in the scope of urology practice. Examples include bladder or Prostate tumors, kidney stones, illnesses of the kidney, kidney injury, and stress incontinence

Track 10 : Urological Oncology

Malignant genitourinary illnesses such cancer of the prostate, adrenal glands, bladder, kidneys, Ureters, testicles, and penis, as well as the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and fascia of those areas, are treated surgically in urologic oncology. Depending on the type of treatment, a urologist or an oncologist oversees the treatment of Genitourinary cancer (surgical or medical). For treating Urologic tumors that can be surgically treated, the majority of urologic oncologists in Western nations employ minimally invasive procedures.

Track 11 : Kidney Biopsy

A kidney biopsy is a process in which a medical expert removes one or more-minute pieces of tissue from your kidney. The tissue samples are examined under a microscope by a pathologist for indications of injury or illness.

The renal arterial vasculature is most frequently or conventionally arranged as a single artery that divides into anterior and posterior branches. The same circulatory bed as the renal arteries does not have any substantial collateral arteries. At the intersection of the anterior and posterior supply zones, the Distal arterioles come to an end. The safest location to get kidney tissue samples for untargeted biopsies is along the poster lateral side of the kidney in a zone known as the Hytrol or Broder line. This area of relative hypo vascularization is not seen on medical imaging studies.

Track 12 : Urology Surgery

The field of medicine known as Urology, also referred to as Genitourinary surgery, focuses on the surgical and medical conditions involving the Urinary tract and reproductive systems. The male reproductive system, kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, urine bladder, and Urethra are some of the organs that the field of urology focuses on (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis).

Track 13 : Kidney Transplantation

A kidney transplant is a procedure where a healthy kidney is removed from a Donor and implanted into a patient whose kidneys are no longer functioning correctly. Those with end-stage renal (kidney) failure or chronic kidney disease may benefit from kidney transplants. You will require either dialysis or a kidney transplant when your kidneys can no longer properly filter waste.

Kidney failure can occur when the body's toxic levels of waste and fluid buildup as a result of the kidneys losing their ability to filter (end-stage renal disease). When the kidneys have lost around 90% of their ability to operate normally, the condition is called end-stage Renal disease. When the kidneys have lost around 90% of their ability to operate normally, the condition is called end-stage renal disease.

Track 14 : Kidney and Bladder Stones

Kidney stones are solid salt and mineral deposits that develop inside your kidneys. Kidney stones can be caused by a variety of factors, including diet, being overweight, certain medical conditions, and certain supplements and drugs.

Hard masses of minerals in your bladder are called bladder stones. They form when the minerals in concentrated urine solidify and form stones. When you struggle to completely empty your bladder, this frequently occurs. Small bladder stones may dissolve on their own, while larger bladder stones may require medicine or surgery. Bladder stones may cause infections and other issues if they are not treated.

Track 15 : Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)

The term Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is used to describe several forms of medical care that replace the functions of a healthy kidney in terms of filtering waste. Progressive worsening in the control of bodily acid-base balance, electrolyte balance, and fluid balance is a result of acute kidney insufficiency (AKI). RRT is necessary in this situation to help the organism survive the accompanying metabolic disturbances.

It serves as a substitute for non-endocrine kidney function in patients with Renal failure. The endocrine issues connected to renal failure are not treated by RRT. The basic requirement supporting the indication, vascular access, hemodynamic stability, availability, local competency, and patient desire and capacity are some of the factors that affect the choice of procedure.

The need for renal Replacement Therapy arises when a patient with acute Renal failure has formed, or is in danger of developing, clinically significant solute imbalance/toxicity or volume overload (RRT).

Track 16 : Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell cancer, also known as kidney cancer or renal cell adenocarcinoma, is a condition in which malignant (cancer) cells are discovered in the lining of the kidney's tubules, which are incredibly tiny tubes. Above the waist, there are two kidneys, one on either side of the backbone. The kidneys have minuscule tubules that filter and purify the blood. Urine is produced after the removal of waste. Each kidney's urine travels through a lengthy tube called a ureter and into the bladder. Until it exits the body through the urethra, the pee is stored in the bladder.

The multilocular cystic is a rare tumor that can afflict both children and adults, according to research. Renal marrow carcinoma is a malignancy that is uncommon, lethal, challenging to cure, and aggressive.

Track 17 : Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

An illness that affects the Urinary tract is known as a urinary tract infection (UTI). It is referred to as a kidney infection when it affects the upper urinary tract and as a bladder infection (cystitis) when it affects the lower urinary tract (pyelonephritis). Lower urinary tract infections can cause painful urination, frequent urination, and the urge to urinate despite having an empty bladder as symptoms. Together with the signs of a lower UTI, kidney infections frequently present with fever and flank pain. Rarely, the urine could look bloody. Symptoms may be ambiguous or non-specific in the very young and very old.

Antibiotics are the treatment for this infection. The burning sensation and urgency that are frequently experienced with bladder infections can be lessened with the prescription drug phenpyridine. Every year, almost 150 million people get urinary tract infections. More infections affect women than men. Kids have bacterial illnesses more frequently and usually do so between the ages.

Track 18 : Endourology

Endourology is a specialty of urology that focuses on performing surgery on the urinary tract using minimally invasive surgical methods. Small endoscopes and other instruments are used to extract or fragment kidney stones through the Urethra, bladder, and ureter. In addition to removing kidney stones, surgeons can identify the underlying cause and work to stop any further development. The majority of endoscopic operations are performed as outpatients.

Track 19 : Urologic Robotic surgery

Robotic surgery is a less invasive procedure that is becoming increasingly common in surgery, particularly urology. Laparoscopic and robotic techniques are becoming more and more prevalent for renal urology surgeries such Radical prostatectomy and partial nephrectomies. In order to maximize effectiveness and reduce invasiveness, robotic kidney surgery is continually advancing. Despite the fact that this technique is somewhat new, some early experiences have been reported in the literature to support the viability of a number of significant urological operations, such as radical prostatectomy, radical cystectomy, partial nephrectomy, and ureterocystoneostomy.

Track 20 : Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy

Cystoscopy and ureteroscopy are diagnostic or therapeutic procedures that are typically carried out by urologists, or medical professionals with expertise in urinary system disorders. In order to diagnose (and occasionally treat) urinary symptoms, these techniques make direct visual observations of the inside of the ureters and the bladder using endoscopes.

A long, thin optical tool (also known as a cystoscope) with an eyepiece and a small illuminated lens at either end that are connected by a tube is used during the technique of cystoscopy. Depending on whether the tube will be used for therapy or diagnostic, it may be rigid or flexible. The inner mucous membrane that lines the Urine bladder and the urethra can be seen in clear, in-depth images sent by the cystoscope.

Track 21 : Pediatric Endocrinology

Infants and children with intersex problems are typically treated medically by Pediatric endocrinologists, who are typically the primary medical professionals involved. In addition to dealing with puberty in its various manifestations, the specialty also deals with other issues with the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, as well as hypoglycemia and other types of hyperglycemia in children. Inborn metabolic errors, lipid metabolism, adolescent gynecology, and/or bone metabolism are among the areas of interest and specialization for many pediatric endocrinologists.

Track 22 : chronic kidney diseases

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a form of kidney disease where there is a slow decline of kidney function over months or years. This disease is a degenerative condition that becomes worse over time. High blood pressure is a common reason. You might not have many signs or symptoms in the early stages of chronic renal illness. It's possible that chronic renal illness won't become obvious until your kidney function is severely impaired.

Normal progression of chronic kidney disease is gradual, and symptoms might not show up until the kidneys have sustained significant harm. Waste and extra fluid may build up in your body, causing symptoms if you have CKD and are on the verge of renal failure.

Track 23 : Erectile Dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction, often known as impotence, is the inability to achieve and sustain a firm enough erection for sexual activity.

It's not normally a cause for concern to experience occasional erection issues. Regular erectile dysfunction can be stressful, affect your self-esteem, and cause relationship problems. In addition to being a sign of a health issue that has to be treated and a risk factor for heart disease, issues getting or keeping an erection can also be difficult.

Track 24 : Neobladder Reconstruction

A surgical process to create a new bladder is called Neobladder reconstruction. A surgeon can make a new pathway for urine to leave the body if a bladder is no longer functioning correctly or was removed to treat another ailment (urinary diversion). Urinary diversion can be accomplished by neobladder reconstruction.

A surgeon builds a new bladder during the procedure using an intestinal fragment. An individual can choose when to urinate and urinate on command thanks to the new bladder.

Also known as an Orthotopic neobladder reconstruction, the operation. In a body, something is said to be orthotopic if it is in its regular location. In the same spot as the previous bladder, the new bladder is positioned.

Track 25 : Urologic Diseases

The term Urologic diseases refers to a broad range of conditions that are all connected to the filtering and removal of urine from the body. These illnesses can affect people of all ages, including men, women, and children.

Certain body components are affected by these illnesses. They affect the Urinary system in females. They impact the reproductive system or the Urinary tract in males.

Women are more susceptible to UTIs than men, while they can affect persons of any age or gender. Bacterial infections of the urinary system are known as urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Track 26 : Tubulointerstitial Diseases

A common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) that might result in chronic kidney disease is Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) (CKD). TIN is connected to an immune-mediated influx of inflammatory cells into the renal interstitium, which may lead to fibrosis.

Tubulointerstitial illnesses are clinically diverse conditions that have common tubular and interstitial damage characteristics. With glomerular dysfunction and even renal failure present in severe and protracted cases, the entire kidney may be affected. Acute kidney injury that is either oliguric or non-oliguric is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory cells infiltrating the kidney interstitium in (TIN)

Track 27 : Glomerular Diseases

The kidneys capacity to keep certain compounds in balance in the bloodstream is decreased by Glomerular disease. Toxins are typically removed by the kidneys from the bloodstream and eliminated in the urine, although red blood cells and protein are kept in the bloodstream. When glomeruli are damaged by glomerular disorders, protein and occasionally red blood cells escape into the urine.

Sometimes a glomerular illness also affects the kidney's ability to remove waste materials, causing the blood to get clogged with them.

The word Nephrotic range may be used to describe patients with glomerular disease who have high levels of protein in their urine. Another common finding is red blood cells in the urine, especially in some types of glomerular disease.

Track 28 : Vasectomy and Andrology

Vasectomy is a method of male birth control that stops sperm from reaching your sperm. The sperm tubes are severed and sealed to do this. Vasectomy has a low risk of complications and is frequently done under local anesthetic in an outpatient setting.

The medical field of male health, particularly in relation to issues with the male reproductive system and urological issues that are specific to males, is known as Andrology. It is the opposite of gynecology, which deals with health issues exclusive to females, including reproductive and urologic issues. Andrology includes abnormalities in the genitalia's connective tissues as well as alterations to cell volume, like genital hypertrophy or macrogenitosomia.

Track 29 : Cardiovascular Health effects of chronic kidney disease

The major cause of death is Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is mostly brought on by cardiometabolic risk and chronic renal disease (CKD). Kidney illness and CVD are tightly associated, and when one organ is ill, the other becomes dysfunctional and eventually fails. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are substantially more likely to die from cardiovascular disease (CVD).

The increased cardiovascular risk in CKD patients is not explained by traditional CVD risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, and routine clinical strategies for treating CVD that are beneficial in the general population are ineffective in lowering the death rate in CKD patients.

Track 30 : Dialysis

When the kidneys stop functioning properly, Dialysis is a process used to eliminate waste and extra fluid from the blood. Often, blood is sent to a cleaning machine in this process. The kidneys normally filter the blood, eliminating dangerous wastes and extra fluid, and converting them into urine that is excreted from the body.

Beginning in the 1970s, dialysis became the go-to treatment for kidney failure after being effectively utilized for the first time in the 1940s. Since then, these medicines have benefited millions of patients.

Dialysis may be required for those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or kidney failure. Kidney injury can result from accidents and diseases like diabetes, lupus, high blood pressure, and others.

Track 31 : Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the small filters in your kidneys (the glomeruli). Your immune system frequently attacks healthy body tissue, which is what causes it. Glomerulonephritis typically has no observable symptoms. When blood or urine tests are performed for another purpose, it is more probable that it will be diagnosed.

The kidneys glomeruli are filtering organs consisting of capillaries, or microscopic blood veins. They filter blood, taking out waste and surplus fluid as the body prepares to produce urine.

Acute glomerulonephritis is the term used to describe glomerulonephritis that develops suddenly. Chronic glomerulonephritis is the term used when it develops gradually and lasts a long time. Some people may experience an acute attack first, followed years later by a chronic disease.

 

Track 32 : Pyelonephritis

When bacteria or viruses damage one or both of your kidneys, it is referred to as a kidney infection or Pyelonephritis. It is a particular kind of Urethritis (UTI).

The primary functions of your kidneys are to filter your blood of waste and surplus water. They are a component of your urinary system, which creates and eliminates liquid waste from your body through the production of urine.

Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney parenchyma that can be life-threatening or organ-threatening and frequently results in renal scarring. The lower urinary system is were the germs in these situations normally rise from, however they can also get to the kidney through the bloodstream. Patient outcomes for acute pyelonephritis are significantly impacted by prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Track 33 : Hematuria and Proteinuria

1.Hematuria

Blood in your urine is referred to as Hematuria in medical terminology.

Hematuria can be brought on by a number of different ailments and disorders. They include infections, kidney illness, cancer, and uncommon blood abnormalities. Blood may be readily apparent or present in such minute amounts that it is invisible to the human eye.

Even a single instance of blood in the urine can indicate a significant medical condition. Ignoring hematuria can exacerbate life-threatening illnesses including cancer and kidney failure.

2.Proteinuria

Excess proteins in the urine are a sign of Proteinuria. Urine contains very little protein in healthy people; excessive abundance is a sign of sickness. The urine frequently becomes frothy when there is too much protein in it (although this symptom may also be caused by other conditions). Serious proteinuria can lead to Nephrotic syndrome, which is marked by progressive body edoema.